Wednesday, 21 September 2011

Lecture 5

Lecture 5 emphasised the significance of ethics in journalism.

It is important to consider the distnction between
  • good taste and bad taste
  • ethical and unethical
  • right and wrong

Three main ethical theories are deontology, consequentialism and virtue ethics.

Deontology

Based upon -
  • rules
  • principles
  • duties
All ethical codes are deontological, such as the Journalism Code of Practice.


Consequentialism
  • places precedence on getting the 'good' or 'right' outcome
  • the end may justify the means
  • utilitarian perspective - 'the greatest good for the greatest number'

Virtue Ethics
  • focused on 'goodness', e.g. good habits, good dispositions of character
  • good habits are considered 'virtues', such as courage, justice, temperance and prudence
  • these habits of character are the 'golden mean' of behaviour

This lecture reminded me of a youtube video I was shown in highschool, which provides a great, entertaining three minute summary of consequentialism and deontology in particular.

(Please ignore some of the questionable language and even more questionable beginning)

Three Minute Philosophy: Deontology

Lecture 4

This week's journalism lecture was listened to online, and was, quite fittingly, all about the radio.

The lecture was comrpised of an interview with Richard Filder, the radio show host of two ABC programs, 'Conversations' and 'Afternoons'.


Richard Fidler

Here are some of the main points Richard Fidler discussed in relation to radio journalism...
  • radio is a very different media to TV, in that it is far more intimate
  • it is important to make listeners feel included, by facilitating their engagement
  •  radio is all about trying to tell a story with words, meaning pronounciation and vocabulary are s very important
  • never do anything on radio you wouldn't do in real life
  • do not be afraid of silence, silence is powerful
  • the audience is the most important factor
    • carefully consider the show's demographic
    • ask yourself, 'What does the audience want to hear?'
  • consider the time slot
    • what are people doing at that time?
    • what is their psychological state at that time?
  • call back radio
    • be as provocative as the time slot will allow to encourage callers
    • the more simple your question is, the faster people will respond
    • appeal to people's sense of frustration
    •  listen - listening implies respect and people respond to that courtesy
Why is radio still popular?
  • radio is quite real
  • it's very human
  • radio appeals to the time poor through incidental listening
  • radio is an old medium, but it integrates new technology such as podcasts and twitter

What are the fundamental components of a good radio story?
  • being human
  • searching for the full gamete of human experience
  • humans respond emotionally and subconscious, which is what is worth exploring
  •  


Lecture 3

Lecture 3 was all about the importance of pictures and photos in relation to 'telling factual stories'.

Picture stories have been utlisied throughout history by various cultures, for example
  • Australian Indigenous cave stories
  • Plato's 'shawodws on the cave wall'
  • Holy books and stained glass
  • Early newspapers and newsletters illustrated with line drawings

The History of Photography and Journalism

1800s
  • 1879: First published photo
  • 1880: First published news photo
1900s
  • 1936: First colour photo
Now
  • digital capture and upload
  • digital manipulation
  • faux-tography
  • digitial publishing

Photography is now an integral aspect of journalism, so what is it that makes a great photo?


News Photo of the Year
Queensland Media Awards 2009

Things to consider include -
  • framing
  • focus
  • angle and point of view
  • timing and shutter speed
  • capturing 'the moment'
  • rule of thirds - the golden mean

"A picture has no meaning at all if it can't tell a story." 
Eetu Silanpaa

Friday, 9 September 2011

Online News: news.com.au

Choppergate Victim Melissa Mallet Hired by Channel Seven


Melissa Mallet

I have followed the development of the Choppergate scandal with great interest, as I believe it represents many issues that are pertinent to modern journalism. The main conflict it demonstrates is the choice journalists' must make between accurate and reliable news, or fast ad entertaining news.

My personal opinion is that the sacking of reporters Melissa Mallet and Cameron Price, as well as producer Aaron Wakeley, was unjustified. Whilst it is undoubtedly of the utmost importance for a news channel to be regarded by viewers as reliable and trustworthy, I think the Nine Network has tried to keep their credibility intact by using these three employees as scapegoats. Although they were obviously primarily involved in the misleading reportage, I do not believe they should be held wholly responsible. The decision would have been influenced by a number of other people and factors, including the network's general ethos, as well as the pressure and competitive nature of the journalism industry.

Thankfully Melissa Mallets career, at least, has not been ruined by one wrong choice, and I hope that Price and Wakeley are also able to continue working in the journalism industry.

Lecture 2

Telling Factual Stories With Text

The second lecture was taken by Rod Chester from the Courier Mail, so it was great to hear from someone who right in the midst of the journalism industry.
A few of the things I picked up in the lecture:

Journalism is continually changing
Never before has journalism and communication been undergoing such rapid and progressive change. Now is an exciting time to be studying journalism as everyone is learning and adapting as they go.

 The 'Inverted Pyramid'


In news writing, it is important to establish the essential points of information at the very start of the story, as though you are assuming that your story will be cut from the bottom.

 Different types of journalism

 It is vital to understand the distinction between hard news and feature stories, so that one can adapt their approach and style of writing to suit the story.

 Hard News

When writing hard news, one should keep in mind:

-          'who', 'what', 'where', 'when', 'why' and 'how'

-          the emphasis is on factual, not flair

-          what is the news value?

-          what are the unanswered questions?

-          how would you tell this story to a friend?
 
Feature Stories

Types of features include

-          personality profiles

-          human interest stories

-          trend stories

-          in-depth stories

-          backgrounders


When writing features, one should consider:

-          it's all about the interview and observation

-          there is an emphasis on story telling

-          establish a voice

-          use dialogue when possible

-          use transition

-          write clear, concise sentences

-          write an engaging lead!

As someone who always struggles with finding an interesting lead to immediately engage the reader, I found Rod Chester's suggestions extremely useful. Some of my favourites included:

-          the question intro

-          reverse psychology

-          establishing a mystery

-          employing irony

-          be a pain

Rod also left with a very simple, but very important piece of advice for journalism students...

 Read and write!

(I couldn't agree more)

Online News: news.ninemsn.com

Terrorism a Threat to US September 11 Anniversary

The United States may be under the threat of terrorism on the ten year anniversary of the September 11 attack that killed almost 3000 people.

Reading this article made me think of Obama's quote following the death of Osama Bin Laden -

"Returning hate for hate multiplies hate, adding deeper darkness to a night already devoid of stars. Darkness cannot drive out darkness: only light can do that. Hate cannot drive out hate: only love can do that."

This quote demonstrates that returning violence with violence only serves to create a self-perpetuating cycle of hate.

I sincerely hope that everyone remembers these wise words in the lead up to September 11, and that the US is able to remember the tragic event of 9/11 in peace, without having to fear the potential of another attack.

Thursday, 8 September 2011

Lecture 1

I will be using this blog to record some of the interesting and important teachings covered in the lecture throughout the semester, in the hope it will serve as a foundation of information to help me throughout my study of journalism at UQ and in the future.
The first journalism lecture of the semester provided some background information on the nature of journalism and the nature of studying journalism (which, I found out, are two different things!).
In the lecture Dr Redman compiled some quotes that were relative to journalism. Here are a few of the one the ones I found interesting:
'Journalism is the first rough draft of history.'
Philip Graham, Publisher of The Washington Post.
This quote reminded me that not only is journalism integral for providing modern society with information and commentary on the world's current state of affairs, but it will also serve as an anthology of information for future societies.
                'I became a journalist to come as close as possible to the heart of the world.'
                Henry R. Luce, American Publisher and Editor
I agree with Henry Luce, because I believe that journalism enables one to not only immerse themselves in the events that occur in and shape the world, but also the people and stories that come with the events.
                'People may expect too much of journalism. Not only do they expect it to be entertaining,          they expect it to be true.'
                Lewis H. Lapham, Editor of Harper's Magazine
This epitomises one of the challenges of journalism, in that journalism is completely based upon factual stories and information, yet it is a widely accepted that it is a journalist's role to make such facts interesting and engaging to readers.
                'Journalism is little more than scribbling on the back of advertisements.'
                Anonymous.
I found this quote quite amusing. To me it perfectly encapsulates the increasing commercialisation of journalism, and society overall. The profit driven nature of business can mean there is more emphasis placed on advertising revenue than the journalism that 'accompanies' the advertising.
The lecture also covered some of the challenges of journalism, which will be explored later in the course, but included:
-          technology, and the effect this will have upon print publications
-          public perception of journalists and the media
-          the increasing amount of user generated content
-          news as a form of entertainment
The lecture also gave some reasons as to why one would study journalism and communication. I identified completely with the reasons given, which were:
-          because it is there
o   journalism is an inherent part of everyday life; journalists report on the events that occur every day, and we are exposed to journalism every day
o   in this sense, we are part of the media
-          because it can tell us about ourselves
o   journalism reflects back to us our own values, the values of others and perceptions that we have of others
o   there is no better way to clearly see the dominant values of society, and the ideals that underpin the way the world operates
I also found learning the distinction between the study of journalism and practising journalism interesting, as I had previously not thought of them as separate disciplines. The study of journalism is far more intellectual and analytical, which provides a good foundation of information for actually doing journalism, which is comprised of practical skills and is essential for professional employment in the journalism industry.
JOUR1111: 'Telling Factual Stories'